— in order to use the USB inputs installed on the front of the system case, they must first be connected to the motherboard of the personal computer. This publication will discuss how to properly organize and perform such a connection.
Modern motherboards now mostly come with four, six or eight USB connectors. But they are installed directly into the motherboard, usually only two or four connectors on the rear side. Due to this, in most cases we have a couple of USB ports left on the motherboard. These connectors are usually made in a nine or ten pin connector.
One of the most significant problems is that global manufacturers do not use a common standard for motherboards when manufacturing them. Therefore, the purpose of each pin in connectors from different board manufacturers may differ in functionality from motherboards from another brand. For this reason, personal connectors are used for any USB connector wire on the front panel of the system case.
Each connector body has special symbols like this: + 5V, D+, D- and GND (body), but the values may be indicated slightly differently, although the essence is the same.
| No. pin | Wire color | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Red | 5V,VCC,Power | Nutrition |
| 2 | Red | 5V,VCC,Power | Nutrition |
| 3 | White | D- | Data- |
| 4 | White | D- | Data- |
| 5 | Green | D+ | Data+ |
| 6 | Green | D+ | Data+ |
| 7 | Black | GND | Earth |
| 8 | Black | GND | Earth |
| 9 | — | Key(No pin) | Key |
| 10 | Grey | GND | Earth |
All you need to do is install each of the wires (+5V, D+, D- and GND) in the correct locations as shown above.
| No. pin | Name | Description | No. pin | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | IntA_P2_D+ | Data+ | 2 | ID | Identifier |
| 3 | IntA_P2_D- | Data- | 4 | IntA_P1_D+ | Data+ |
| 5 | GND | Earth | 6 | IntA_P1_D- | Data- |
| 7 | IntA_P2_SSTX+ | Data+ | 8 | GND | Earth |
| 9 | IntA_P2_SSTX- | Data- | 10 | IntA_P1_SSTX+ | Data+ |
| 11 | GND | Earth | 12 | IntA_P1_SSTX- | Data- |
| 13 | IntA_P2_SSRX+ | Data+ | 14 | GND | Earth |
| 15 | IntA_P2_SSRX- | Data- | 16 | IntA_P1_SSRX+ | Data+ |
| 17 | Vbus | Nutrition | 18 | IntA_P1_SSRX- | Data- |
| 19 | Key(No pin) | Key | 20 | Vbus | Nutrition |
How to connect the front panel to the motherboard
The USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface has been in active use for 2 decades, and during this time several standards have been created. This first happened in 1997, when a corresponding connector appeared on motherboards. Today we will talk about USB standards and pinouts, but first you need to highlight the benefits tires.
One of the main ones is Plug & Play support. Now, after connecting the device, you no longer need to manually install the necessary drivers and restart the personal computer.
The bus not only allows information to be transferred, but also provides power to the connected device. As a result Have an opportunity create mobile network and sound cards, as well as other types of controllers.
Currently created 3 standards this interface. The main differences between them are not the pinout of the USB connector, but the speed of information exchange. At the same time, compatibility of new versions with previous ones is ensured, which makes life much easier for users.
This standard is capable of providing transmission speed information up to 12 Mb/s. At the time of its creation, this was a good indicator, but there was still a faster interface - IEEE 1394 or FireWire (up to 400 Mb/s), developed by Apple. However, USB 1.1 became quite widespread and was used for several years.
Among the main characteristics of this specification it should be noted:
It should be taken into account that the actual throughput of USB 2.0 differed significantly from that specified in the specification. This is due to the implementation of a protocol that allows delays in the transmission of data packets. In recent years, a lot of devices have appeared, the normal operation of which required a large throughput tire.
This is a new standard, the mass distribution of which began in 2010. It allows you to transfer information at speeds of up to 5 Gb/s. Although the pinout of the USB connector 3.0 has some differences from the 2nd version, they are fully compatible. To distinguish the connectors of these standards, USB 3.0 sockets and plugs are marked in blue.
There are also certain inconsistencies in the wiring of connectors. The rated current has been increased to 0.9 A. As a result, the number of peripheral devices has increased, the operation of which no longer requires a separate power source. They have their own classification and USB connectors:
Connectors of the second type are quite large and cannot be installed on portable gadgets. To correct the situation, micro- and mini USB standards were created.
Since the connectors of the first versions of the universal serial bus are not physically different, it is enough to know the wiring of the latest standard. The first contact is supplied with 5 V power, and the 2nd and 3rd wires are used to transmit the signal. The USB cable pinout by color is as follows:
In the latest version of the standard, instead of 4 contacts, 9 are used. The color scheme of the wiring is shown in the figure and looks like this:
Type B connectors version 3.0 are not compatible with previous standards.
The pinout of mini-USB is similar to micro, but in the third version of the interface only the latter type of connector is used. Micro-USB 2.0 has 5 contacts, however, only 4 are used. In the latest version, the number of wires has been doubled. Contacts 1-5 perform the same functions as in the connectors of the previous standard, and the rest are designed to solve the following tasks:
Although all mobile gadgets charge via USB, there is no single standard, and each manufacturer has developed its own scheme. You can use any power adapter to recharge the battery. For example, in an iPhone, for this you need to connect pins 2, 3 to 4 using a resistor with a nominal resistance of 50 kOhm, and from 5 to 75 kOhm. The main competitor Samsung Galaxy has a simpler pinout of the micro-USB charging connector. You will need to place a jumper between pins 2 and 3, and connect 4 to 5 with a 200 kOhm resistor.
The initial development of USB connectors was carried out back in 1994 by American engineer Ajay Bhatt, as well as a whole team of qualified specialists from computer companies such as Intel, Microsoft, Apple, Hewlett-Packard and many others.
The developers intended to ensure that the end result was an extremely universal port that could be used for most modern devices, when, after connecting certain equipment to the computer, it either started working instantly, or immediately after the user installed the appropriate drivers. The pinout of micro-USB and a standard connector made it possible to completely replace the COM and LPT ports that were common at that time, while providing information transfer speeds of more than 115 kbit/s. In addition, the port was parallel so that it was possible to connect several sources to it, as well as use a “hot” connection that did not require rebooting or turning off the PC.
The first non-industrial sample of the port, which had a code index of 1.0c and a data transmission speed of no more than 12 Mbit/s, was released in 1995-1996. In mid-1998, the final modification was already carried out using automatic speed maintenance, ensuring a stable connection, as a result of which the port functioned normally at a speed of 1.5 Mbit/s. In a subsequent modification, a new USB 1.1 was released. Micro-USB pinouts were not yet provided for, and in general the devices were not yet so actively used, despite the fact that since mid-1997 motherboards, as well as various devices that had this connector, were actively produced.
In 2000, the first USB 2.0 was released, which was capable of supporting speeds of up to 480 Mbit/s. The main principle of this development was that the device could connect to the port of older devices that were based on USB 1.1. At the same time, the first 8 MB flash drive appeared, which was intended for this port. In 2008, development moved even further, USB 3.0 was already released, the data transfer speed of which was already supported at a level of up to 4.8 Gbit/s.
Micro-USB pinout is quite popular today. Most likely, you have already encountered such a problem when you simply do not have the USB adapter you currently need at hand. Situations can be very different - the device is broken, lost, not on sale, its length is not enough, and a number of others. Knowing the technology of how micro-USB pinout is carried out, you can solve this problem completely on your own.
If you know how to pinout and also have the skill to work with a soldering iron, then you will not have any problems with the USB connectors that exist today. At the moment, these are the most common connectors in modern digital technology, that is, today not only not a single mobile phone of the latest generation, but also not a single gadget can do without them.
It’s worth noting right away that, in addition to the most common ones, there is also one more additional type of USB. You just have to remember what an adapter from a scanner or computer looks like, because with the naked eye you can tell that the connectors on such an adapter are different.
The connector that will connect to the computer is active and is generally designated by the letter A. The same connector that will be connected to the scanner is a passive device and is designated by the letter B.
In this case, there are several types of wires with different connection types:
This connector is by far the most common when you need to connect a smartphone or tablet. They are an order of magnitude smaller in size compared to traditional USB interfaces that are popular today, which makes pinout of micro-USB on a tablet somewhat more difficult. Another feature that distinguishes this connector is that it has five different contacts.
The markings of such connectors are:
It is worth noting that the peculiarity of the pinout of the micro-USB connector affects not only the size of this device, but also the fact that it contains an additional contact.
Separately, it should be said that almost always the pinout of a micro-USB connector also includes a Shield wire, which does not use insulation. In this case, it plays the role of a screen, but it is not marked in any way, and also does not differ in any individual number.
One more concept is also worth noting. Most likely, each person roughly understands what an extension cord is, and at the same time understands that different connectors are used there. As with all other types of connectors, USB also provides for the concept of male-female, where male is a plug and female is a socket.
There are two options for how the micro-USB connector is soldered. Pinout can be done simply directly in front of the mirror, when a connector is placed in front of it. However, you must understand that you can simply make a mistake or end up soldering something that is far from what was needed. The second option is to simply mentally flip the connector.
There is also another way that micro USB pinouts can be done for charging or anything else. This method is more relevant if you do not have the opportunity to use a collapsible USB connector, which is not so common, but is still found on sale today in various establishments. You have a USB - miniUSB cable from which you need to make a USB - microUSB cable. In this case, you have a cable of the latter type, but at the other end it is not a standard USB at all. In this situation, the most optimal solution would be to simply solder the required cable, connecting various wires together, and it is often users who carry out pinouts for micro-USB. Samsung devices often do not have the required connector, so in this case this technology is also relevant.
The original cable is taken, after which the miniUSB connector is cut off from it. The cut end is completely freed from the shield while the remaining four wires are stripped and tinned. Now we take a cable with a microUSB connector, after which we also cut off the excess from it and carry out the same procedure. Now all that remains is to solder the wires together and then insulate each connection separately. Next, you can simply use some kind of insulation (for example, foil), and wrap the previously insulated connections all together. The resulting screen is wrapped on top with electrical tape or tape so that it does not fly off later.
The main thing to remember: before you carry out such an unusual pinout of the micro-USB cable, you should not forget about pinout the active and passive connectors. It is for this reason that it is recommended to initially determine which specific pinout is used on your cable.
Any standard charging that is based on the use of USB involves the use of only two wires - +5V, as well as a common contact. That is why, if you need to solder the first and fifth pins, and the most important thing in this case, when applying voltage, is to do everything in accordance with the polarity of your equipment.
The most important thing: regardless of what exactly you are pinouting the USB connector for, everything must be done extremely carefully and with knowledge of technology. Always try to anticipate various errors in advance and carry out each action measuredly, because if some connectors are connected incorrectly or you solder something incorrectly, there is a possibility that the cable will not be able to work normally at all and be used for connecting multiple devices.
The USB connector appeared twenty years ago and was originally intended for use in household appliances. Currently, it has become quite popular also in professional equipment. However, its “household” roots are clearly evident in the fact that all popular gadgets without exception are equipped with this type of detachable connector.
The original version of the connector had dimensions that were not quite suitable for installing its sockets in portable pocket-sized devices. To eliminate this drawback, miniUSB and microUSB variants were created, which made it possible to implement the basic functions of the connector and at the same time differed favorably from the prototype with noticeably better weight and size characteristics.
The microUSB connector contains five contacts, each of which has an insulated wire soldered to it. The correct orientation of the plug when connected to an outlet is determined by the use of characteristic smoothed bevels on one of the upper edges of the shielding skirt. The pins of the connector plug are designated by numbers from 1 to 5 with natural numbering from right to left as shown in the figure. Wiring micro usb connector and the purpose of its individual contacts are given in the table.
Micro USB pinout by color
The braided shielding of a cable is also considered a wire. It is not output to a separate contact.
Wiring out the micro usb charging connector
The good performance properties of the cable and instrument part of the micro USB connector, combined with the low cost of the connecting cable and its wide distribution, lead to the fact that repairs to this accessory are carried out relatively rarely. However, if it is installed, a new nest, due to its well-thought-out design, is not a big problem, even despite its rather miniature size. Among the features, you should pay attention to the accuracy and feasibility of additional protection of the soldering area, for example, with non-conductive varnish.
USB cable pinout refers to the description of the internals of the Universal Serial Bus. This device is used to transfer data and charge batteries of any electronic devices: mobile phones, players, laptops, tablet computers, tape recorders and other gadgets.
Carrying out high-quality pinouts requires knowledge and ability to read diagrams, orientation in the types and types of connections, you need to know the classification of wires, their colors and purpose. Long-term and uninterrupted operation of the cable is ensured by the correct connection of the wires of the 2 connectors USB And mini-USB.
The Universal Serial Bus comes in 3 versions - USB 1.1, USB 2.0 and USB 3.0. The first two specifications are completely compatible with each other; bus 3.0 is partially compatible.
USB 1.1 is the first version of the device used for data transfer. The specification is used only for compatibility, since there are 2 operating modes for data transfer ( Low-speed and Full-speed) have a low speed of information exchange. Low-speed mode with a data transfer rate of 10-1500 Kbps is used for joysticks, mice, and keyboards. Full-speed is used in audio and video devices.
A third operating mode has been added to USB 2.0 - High-speed for connecting information storage devices and video devices of a higher organization. The connector is marked with HI-SPEED on the logo. The information exchange speed in this mode is 480 Mbit/s, which is equal to the copying speed of 48 MB/s.
In practice, due to the design and implementation features of the protocol, the throughput of the second version turned out to be less than declared and amounts to 30-35 MB/s. The 1.1 and 2nd generation Universal Bus specification cables and connectors are identical in configuration.
The third generation universal bus supports a speed of 5 Gbps, equal to a copy speed of 500 MB/s. It is available in blue, which makes it easier to determine whether the plugs and sockets belong to the advanced model. Bus 3.0 current increased from 500 mA to 900 mA. This feature allows you not to use separate power supplies for peripheral devices, but to use the 3.0 bus to power them.
Compatibility of specifications 2.0 and 3.0 is partially achieved.
When describing and designating tables of USB connectors, it is accepted by default that the view is shown from the outside, working side. If the view is from the installation side, this is specified in the description. In the diagram, the insulating elements of the connector are marked in light gray, the metal parts are marked in dark gray, and the cavities are marked in white.
Despite the fact that the serial bus is called universal, it is represented by 2 types. They perform different functions and provide compatibility with devices with improved characteristics.
Type A includes active, power supply devices ( computer, host), to type B - passive, connected equipment ( printer, scanner). All sockets and plugs of the second generation and version 3.0 type A buses are designed to work together. The Gen3 Type B jack connector is larger than what is needed for the 2.0 Type B plug, so a device with a Gen 2.0 Type B connector is connected using only a USB 2.0 cable. Connection of external equipment with modification 3.0 type B connectors is carried out using cables of both types.
Classic Type B connectors are not suitable for connecting small electronic equipment. Connecting tablets, digital equipment, and mobile phones is done using miniature Mini-USB connectors and their improved Micro-USB modification. These connectors have reduced plug and socket sizes.
The latest modification of USB connectors is type C. This design has identical connectors at both ends of the cable and is characterized by faster data transfer and greater power.
Classic connectors contain 4 types of contacts; mini and micro formats contain 5 contacts. Wire colors in USB 2.0 cable:
For mini format: mini-USB and micro-USB:
Most cables have a Shield wire; it has no insulation and is used as a shield. It is not marked and is not assigned a number. The universal bus has 2 types of connectors. They are designated M ( male) and F ( female). Connector M ( dad) is called a plug, it is inserted, connector F ( Mother) is called a socket, they insert it into it.
Bus version 3.0 has a 10 or 9 wire connection. 9 pins are used if Shield wire is missing. The contacts are arranged in such a way that devices of earlier modifications can be connected.
USB 3.0 wiring:
The Micro-USB cable has 5-pin connectors. A separate mounting wire in insulation of the desired color is supplied to them. To ensure that the plug fits accurately and tightly into the socket, the upper shielding part has a special chamfer. The micro USB pins are numbered 1 to 5 and read from right to left.
The pinouts of micro- and mini-USB connectors are identical; they are presented in the table:
The shielding wire is not soldered to any contact.
Mini-A and Mini-B connectors appeared on the market in 2000, using the USB 2.0 standard. Today they are little used due to the emergence of more advanced modifications. They have been replaced by microconnectors and Type C USB models. The mini connectors use 4 shielded wires and an ID function. 2 wires are used for power: supply +5 V and ground GND. 2 wires for receiving and sending differential data signals, designated D+ and D-pin. Data+ and Data- signals are transmitted via . D+ and D- always work together, they are not separate simplex compounds.
USB connectors use 2 types of cables:
The cable length depends on the power:
Many manufacturers of digital equipment develop and equip their products with connectors of a different configuration. This may cause difficulty charging your mobile phone or other devices.
