Not all users memorize the components of their computer, as well as other system details, so the ability to view system information in the OS must be present. Platforms developed in the Linux language also have such facilities. Next, we will try to describe in as much detail as possible about the available methods for viewing the necessary information, taking as an example latest version popular Ubuntu OS. In other Linux distributions, this procedure can be carried out in exactly the same way.
Today we offer to get acquainted with two different methods of finding the required system information. Both of them work on slightly different algorithms and also have a different concept. Because of this, each option will be most useful to different users.
The method using the Hardinfo program is suitable for novice users and all those who do not want to get involved in work in "Terminal". Nevertheless, even the installation of additional software is not complete without launching the console, so you have to turn to it for the sake of one command.
As you can see, Hardinfo is a kind of assembly of all commands from the console, implemented through a graphical interface. That is why this method greatly simplifies and speeds up the process of finding the necessary information.
Built in ubuntu console provides unlimited possibilities for the user. Thanks to the commands, you can perform actions with programs, files, manage the system, and much more. There are utilities that allow you to find out the information of interest through "Terminal". Let's consider everything in order.
sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-number
sudo dmidecode -s system-manufacturer
sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name
Of course, the list of all available commands does not end there, but above we tried to talk about the most basic and useful ones that can be useful to the average user. If you are interested in options for obtaining specific information about the system or computer, please refer to the official documentation of the distribution you are using.
You can choose the most appropriate method for searching for system information - use the classic console, or use a program with an implemented GUI. If in your Linux distribution there are any problems with the software or commands, carefully study the text of the error and find a solution or hints in the official documentation.
The EMB-2200 from Habey is a 100 x 72mm SBC that runs under Linux control on the i.MX6 UL and offers two LANs with PoE, dual CAN, WiFi, BT, mini-PCIe and -40 to 80°C support.
So far, we've seen the 100 x 72mm Pico-ITX form factor used with the NXP i.MX6 UltraLite (UL) sandwich-style Digi ConnectCore 6UL SBC Pro system chip, which uses the ConnectCore 6UL Embedded Computer Module, and also on Pico-ITX carrier for F&S "PicoMODA9 COM.
However, Habey's EMB-2200 is the first fully integrated i.MX6 UL based Sico Pico-ITX SBC that caught our attention.
EMB-2200
(click on picture to enlarge)
Like other boards, the EMB-2200 runs embedded Linux, supports industrial temperatures, and is geared towards lightweight IoT.
While the EMB-2200 doesn't have ConnectCore 6UL SBC Pro NFC and Digi Xbee options, it also provides two 10/100 Ethernet ports, WiFi, Bluetooth, and a mini-PCIe slot for cellular expansion.
EMB-2200 side view
Other features tend to be more limited than those of the Digi board.
However, unlike Digi or F&S products, the EMB-2200 has an optional Power over Ethernet as well as a broadband power supply.
EMB-2200 with optional 5" touch screen
(click image to enlarge)
Up to 696MHz, Cortex-A7 based SoL i.MX6 UL is supported with up to 512MB of RAM and optional eMMC, iNAND or SLC.
There are 4 USB port, including two shore ports, as well as two CAN and 5 RS-232 among other interfaces.
The RGB LCD interface supports an optional 5-inch resistive touch screen.
Specifications listed for the EMB-2200 include:
Further information
The computer user must know everything about it. This is necessary not only to improve the status of an experienced user, but also for cases when you need to find, for example, drivers for a video card or processor. This article will help you figure out how to find out information about a Linux system.
The host name in Linux is often needed when entering any parameters in configuration files systems. If you have such a need, then the easiest way to accomplish this task is to use the following command:
hostname
Immediately after its execution, the name of your machine will be displayed in the "Terminal". There is a second way to accomplish the task. The point is that the name is in the hostname file. It can be viewed by running the command:
cat /etc/hostname
In the case of a server in the "Terminal", you can find out its domain name by typing the following command:
dnsdomainname
In operating system linux information information about the computer can also be viewed in the "Terminal". At the same time, the desired result can be achieved different ways for example by running one of these commands:
sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-number #serial number sudo dmidecode -s system-manufacturer #manufacturer sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name #product name
If you want to get all the information at once, then run another command:
Sudo dmidecode | more
You can also use the lshw utility to get the desired result. However, it is worth noting that it is not installed in all Linux distributions. To use it, run the following commands:
sudo lshw | more sudo lshw -short
As you can see, to obtain information about the system in Linux commands fit best. So in the case when you need to clarify the characteristics of the processor. To do this, run one of these commands:
Cat /proc/cpuinfo lscpu
If there is a need to find out the workload of this component, then the following utility will come to the rescue:
Sudo mpstat
It is worth noting that it is not installed in all operating systems, so first install it through the "Terminal".
Among all the above information about the system in Linux, you can also learn about RAM. If you need to view the statistics of its use, then run:
Less /proc/meminfo
If you want to get information in a more compact form, then resort to using the following commands:
Free -m #in megabytes free -g #in gigabytes free -h #in readable form
lsb_release -a
The kernel is also an integral part of any system, and information about it is no less important, especially when adding any add-ons. There are two commands to display this data:
uname -r #brief information uname -a #full information
At some point, suspicions of incorrect work may creep in hard drive, in which case just a few commands will help you learn more about this computer component. For example, to see all connected solid state drives, you need to run this command:
fdisk -l | grep "^/dev"
Having decided on all the disks and having learned their names, you can see more detailed information:
Fdisk -l /dev/sda #show disk partitions e2label /dev/sda #show disk label
If you want to see everything at once, and even make some adjustments if necessary, then the cfdisk program is best suited. It is easy to run it, just enter the name in the "Terminal".
Linux would be incomplete without taking into account all the components of a computer and the devices connected to it. For more information, for example about sound card, processor, video card and interfaces, just run one of these commands:
lspci lspci -vvvn | less lspci -vt lspci | grep -i "device_name"
If you want to learn more directly about the devices connected to the desktop, then it is best to use these commands:
lsusb lsusb -vt
The Internet has already entered our lives tightly, but on Linux, setting it up can be a problem. So that you do not encounter difficulties in the process of entering all the necessary parameters into the configuration files, familiarize yourself with the characteristics of your network adapter. This can be done through the already familiar lspci command, however, the information output will be minimal. It's better to use one of these:
Iwconfig watch -n 1 cat /proc/net/wireless wavemon iw list
Video games are also an integral part of the life of a PC user, so no computer is complete without a video chip. And in order, for example, to install the correct drivers, you must at least know its model. The entire list of characteristics of this component can be found in the output of these commands:
lspci | grep -i vga lspci -vvnn | grep VGA
Alternatively, you can use the following line:
sudo lshw -class display
However, the information about the Linux system obtained from the above commands is superficial. You can find out much more if you take into account the manufacturer of the product. So, if you have a video card from NVIDIA, then run one of these commands in the "Terminal":
nvidia-smi nvidia-settings
We should also not forget about video cards from AMD, because they also cover a large layer of the market. To find out their characteristics, run this command:
Fglrxinfo
Now you know how to get system information in Linux. It can also be noted that everything is done quite simply, especially since you don’t even need to install any software- everything is carried out in the "Terminal".
If you have a need to find out what is hidden from your eyes inside a computer running Linux (we will consider methods that work in Linux Mint and Ubuntu), then doing it is no more difficult than in Windows, and sometimes even easier. To do this, there are several methods that we propose to consider in this article.
Let's start with the most familiar method for an ordinary inexperienced with all the delights of the OS linux user. Let's imagine that you switched to Linux relatively recently, and have not completely lost the habit of Windows that you are used to.
On Windows, to get detailed information about the hardware, users typically use special programs, such as AIDA64 and similar. We assure you that Linux is not deprived in this respect. Although it does not have such a variety of such programs, there are definitely those that will provide you with a complete report on the configuration of your computer.
One such program is HardInfo (after installation, it appears in the menu as System Profiler and Benchmark). With this utility, you can get the most complete picture of the hardware "stuffing" of your computer hiding from you. You can install it from your distribution's repository.
HardInfo program in Linux Mint 18 Sarah Mate
The program in an accessible graphical form presents the main points on which you can get information. You just need to click on the desired icon and the program will display the main characteristics of the system.
hard info. Information about the memory installed in the computer.
The program also provides for the creation of a report in html format, which you can then view in the browser. To do this, you need to click "Generate Report", select the items for which you want to see the report and wait for the result.
HTML report generated in the HardInfo program.
For all its good points, HardInfo presents meager results than what you'd get from using the terminal and a few commands.
Let's start with the utility lshw To install it, you need to enter in the terminal: sudo apt-get install lshw After installation, in order to find out the characteristics of the system, just enter the command in the terminal sudo lshw
Result sudo commands lshw in terminal.
As you can see the list is very long. To shorten it, you can enter the command sudo lshw -short The list will be shorter and more compact.
Result of sudo lshw -short command in terminal.
There is also another variation of this command, which will allow you to view the full list, but at the same time you will load it as needed: sudo lshw|more
This is what the result looks like after entering the command in the terminal sudo lshw|more (now you only need to press the Enter key and read the output).
To generate a report in html format, you need to enter the command lshw -html > hardware.html (in this case, the report will be saved in the user's folder - in the one where the Downloads, Music, etc. folders are located).
It should be mentioned that there is a /proc/ folder in the system, which also contains information about the hardware component of your computer. For example, here are a few commands related to it, which, when typed in the terminal, will display the information of interest to us:
cat /proc/cpuinfo- displays information about the processor
cat /proc/meminfo- display information about RAM
cat /proc/partitions- displays information about hard disk partitions
We hope that this information will help you lift the veil of the inner world of your Linux PC.
How to find out the characteristics of a computer in Linux? updated: January 21, 2017 by: Maxim Ivanov
Let's look at some useful commands and utilities that can be used to get information about hardware in Linux. Such a need arises, for example, when you need to install a driver for some computer device and you need to know its exact name. Or, for example, you want to get information about the occupied memory or computer resources.
Get all the information you need about CPU On Linux, you can run the command in the terminal:
Cat /proc/cpuinfo
To determine if your processor is 32-bit or 64-bit, you need to look at the flags that are indicated in the output of the command. If among the flags there is lm(long mode), this means that your processor is 64-bit. For example, when executing the command cat /proc/cpuinfo we can get the following flags:
Flags: fpu vme de acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon ...
With the command lspci you can display all the information about PCI devices:
This command is often used to get information about a video card. Since the output of the command lspci large enough, you can use the command grep to set the search condition. For example, if we know that we have an Nvidia video card, then we can use the command:
lspci | grep nVidia
And as a result, get something like:
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G72M (rev a1)
Please note that the grep command is case sensitive and therefore, if you did not find what you were looking for the first time, then you should try another spelling, for example, nvidia, NVIDIA or simply idia. Similarly, you can search for information in the output of any other commands by adding to the command: " | grep search-string.
Driver version information for Nvidia video cards on Linux can be obtained by running:
Cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version
To get information about the amount, as well as the amount of free and used RAM, you can use the command:
Free-t-m
Information about virtual memory can be obtained with the command vmstat:
If you need more detailed information about the processes that take RAM, about the processor (CPU) load, then you can use the Top or htop utilities. The top utility is usually always present in Linux. To run it, just run:
Information about hard disk partitions in Linux:
Sudo fdisk -l
Information about mounted partitions, amount of free and used memory:
There is one more useful command du, which displays information about the size of each file in the current and subdirectories. If you want to get information about all files in the current directory, run the command without parameters:
As a parameter, you can specify the file name, for example, to find out the size of the file abc.bin run:
du abc.bin
To display information about USB buses and connected USB devices command is used lsusb:
Consider a few graphic programs to help you operate the equipment.
The Gnome desktop environment includes a graphical utility named System monitor. It displays information about CPU usage, running processes (applications), information about hard drives, and also displays graphs, including network usage. From the command line, you can run it by running:
gnome-system-monitor
To work with hard ones, you can use the GParted program. 
Finally, it is worth mentioning a very important team lshw, which displays almost all information about your computer. team lshw must be run as root:
sudo lshw
To withdraw brief information key is used -short:
sudo lshw -short
You can get more detailed information about the commands described in the article using the help Linux system. To do this, in the console you need to run:
Man command-name
For example, to get all information about a command du, run the command.
