Any computer or laptop normal functioning needs a good cooling system. During operation, elements such as the processor (CPU), video card, motherboard generate a large amount of heat, they get very hot. The higher the CPU performance rating, the more heat it gives off. If the PC does not quickly purge air, it may cause various system failures, incorrect functioning of equipment, reduced productivity, cause failure of important elements. Why is the processor getting hot? How to cool the CPU in PCs and laptops? Which cooler to choose for optimal PC cooling? We will try to answer these questions in this article.
If the computer starts to turn off, fail, freeze, this may be due to overheating of the CPU. The reasons why the PC processor starts to overheat are of a very different nature. Therefore, we will consider the main ones, and also give simple ways problem solution.
In most PCs, laptops, the main elements of the cooling system are a cooler (fan) and a radiator, which are installed on the processor. Due to the tightest contact, heat transfer between the surface of the heatsink and the processor is minimal, which in turn ensures fast, efficient heat dissipation.
The radiator can be monolithic or consist of two parts. In the first case, it is completely fixed on the processor (budget option), in the second case, only a small part of it is attached to the CPU, inside which there are heat pipes that transfer heated air to the main radiator.
The primary role in the system of ventilation of the case and cooling of the PC is played by the fan. Regardless of its location, it cools the entire radiator or its main part. The more efficiently it works, the better the heat dissipation from the CPU will be, and, accordingly, its temperature will be lower. Heat pipe coolers provide more CPU cooling.
If the processor starts to warm up, the main reasons include:
An increase in the process temperature can also be caused by the fact that the cooler is trite clogged with dust. For this reason, its speed and efficiency are reduced. The fan is simply not able to remove heat. To increase heat dissipation, after replacing the CPU, it is worth purchasing and installing new model case cooler.
Another reason is upgrade PC. For example, after replacing the old CPU, a new, more powerful, productive one was installed. But at the same time, the fan in the cooling system remained the same. Due to the increase in power, the processor cooler simply does not cope with its task in full.
If the processor is heating up, consider what to do in this situation.
Overheating of the processor in laptops, desktop computers significantly increases the load on all system elements. To reduce heat generation, reduce energy consumption, it is necessary:
You can also reduce the heat dissipation of the processor in BIOS settings operating system. This is the most simple and affordable way, which does not require special time costs, physical effort.
There are special technologies that reduce CPU frequency when idle. For AMD processor technology is called Cool'n'Quite, For Intel - Enhanced SpeedStep Technology. Consider how to activate it.
In Windows 7, you need to go to " Control Panel”, select the section “ Power supply". In the window that opens, check which mode is active: " Balanced», « High performance», « Energy saving". To activate the technology, you can select any, with the exception of "High performance". In Windows XP, select " Power Saving Manager».
Energy saving settings must be enabled in the BIOS, if they are not, then you can load the default settings.
It is equally important to pay attention to the system case ventilation. If the cooling system is working properly, it is cleaned regularly, but the CPU is still warm, then you need to see if there are any obstacles in the way of the air flow, for example, if they are covered with thick wire loops.
There should be two or three fans in the system unit, PC case. One - for blowing in on the front wall, the second - for blowing out on the rear panel, which in turn provides good airflow. Additionally, you can install a fan on the side wall system block.
If the PC system unit is in a nightstand inside the table, then do not close the doors so that the heated air comes out. Do not block the ventilation openings of the case. Place the computer a few centimeters from the wall, furniture.
For a laptop, you can purchase a special cooling pad.
Available for sale big choice universal models of stands that adapt to the dimensions, the size of the laptop. A heat-removing surface and coolers built into it will contribute to more efficient heat dissipation and cooling.
When working on a laptop, always keep the workplace clean. The ventilation openings must not be blocked by anything. Objects lying nearby should not interfere with air circulation.
For laptops, you can also do cooler overclocking. Since the PC has at least three fans (on the CPU, video card, built-in storage), and most laptop models have only one. The second can be installed if there is a powerful video card. At the same time, you can overclock coolers:
Before increasing the fan speed, first of all, you need to clean the cooler, the elements of the motherboard from dust.
Cleaning the cooling system of a laptop, a stationary PC should be done at least once every six to seven months.
If the processor heats up, check the condition of the fan, the entire PC cooling system. Dust is a serious enemy of any technology. Clogged between the edges of the radiator, dust, villi, pet hair impair air circulation.
To thoroughly clean it, you need to disconnect the cooler from the power supply and disassemble it. By removing the fan, you can also clean the dust accumulated on the radiator. Cleaning of the radiator, cooler blades can be done with a special plastic spatula, a hard brush. After removing the dust, wipe the radiator with a damp cloth.
In addition to removing dust from the radiator, the cooler, wipe the wires in the case from dust. Blow or wipe the vents on the case.
Updating, replacing the thermal paste on the processor will help reduce the heat dissipation of the processor. Thermal paste is nothing more than a lubricant for cooling the processor. It is a heat conductor between the CPU and the heatsink, eliminates the microscopic irregularities of the contacting surfaces, removes air between them, which prevents heat dissipation. Good, high-quality thermal paste will reduce the temperature by 5-10 degrees.
Over time, the paste dries out, loses all its properties, and does not cool the processor. Therefore, it must be replaced every six months. If the PC has a more modern CPU, the thermal paste can be changed less frequently. You can buy it at any computer hardware store. Thermal paste should be of high quality, good.
Before the thermal paste that cools the CPU is applied, you need to get to the processor itself. For this:
Given the large selection of thermal pastes, many are interested in the question of which thermal paste is better. Note that the difference between the pastes of different manufacturers can be from ten to twenty degrees. It all depends on the quality characteristics, heat-conducting properties of thermal interfaces. A good thermal paste should have low thermal resistance, high thermal conductivity.
According to experts, to cool the processor, you can purchase:
Some pastes can also be used to overclock the processor. For example, Arctic Cooling MX-4, Glacialtech IceTherm II, Thermalright Chill Factor III, Coollaboratory Liquid Pro. Knowing which thermal paste is best, how often and how to replace it correctly, you can significantly reduce the temperature of the CPU, thereby extending its operational life.
Many users, in order to improve performance, speed up the CPU, overclock the processor (overclocking). But in some cases, this procedure significantly increases the load on the CPU, which can negatively affect its functioning and lead to a decrease in the operational resource.
To check the performance of the CPU after overclocking, it is necessary to warm up the processor using special utilities.
If you are interested in how to remove processor overclocking, go to CMOS and BIOS. Cancel all motherboard voltage settings, return them to normal configuration.
Actions are performed in the following sequence:
You can also do this by selecting the option " Restore Fail Safe Defaults”, having previously found out on the Internet the exact specifications of the installed motherboard, CPU. This is necessary in order to make changes by setting the basic settings for frequency, voltage.
In addition, to the base value, you can change the setting of the system bus frequency, multiplier, returning back all the parameters that were changed during overclocking.
You can also remove the optional cooling hardware that you installed to prevent the CPU from overheating.
You can manage, control the operation of the processor through special utility - CPU Core, where you need to specify, set the desired values of the multiplier, bus frequency.
If the CPU continues to heat up after cleaning, canceling overclocking, then in order to increase the cooling efficiency, we recommend installing additional fans on the case to increase air circulation. This is necessary if there are many heating elements inside the system unit or if there is a rather small volume inside it free space.
Give preference to coolers large diameter, which will provide more airflow at lower speeds. Such models work efficiently, but noisily. When installing, consider the direction of their work.
CPU coolers are classified into:
When choosing fans for the cooling system, read the installation instructions, check its compatibility with the socket, motherboard What socket is there for the processor. Consider weight, fan size, heatsink type.
Too large, high-power fans will create an additional load on the motherboard, and may cause its deformation. As for the size, choose the chassis for the bus, consider the location of other components. Choose products from well-known, trusted manufacturers.
If a large number is installed hard drives, then you can additionally install a fan on the front panel of the case, as well as on the rear top of the system unit to remove warm air to the outside. Modern cases allow you to install at least two fans: from below, if there is no perforation on the front panel, and opposite the location of hard drives.
If the PC has a highly advanced hardware, the processor heats up, then you can remove the side cover of the system unit. In this case, the cooling efficiency will be increased significantly.
You can overclock the cooler, as already noted, through the BIOS or through special free utilities that will allow you to control and control the speed of the fans. The programs are designed to various types processors.
Consider how to overclock coolers through BIOS:
For processors Intel programs will allow you to reduce or increase the speed of rotation of the cooler Riva tuner, speedfan. They have great functionality, a choice of settings, a clear interface, do not take up much space, automatically control the operation of coolers.
If third-party software on the PC does not allow you to adjust the fan speed, the processor cooler can be controlled using original utilities from manufacturers. For example, HP has a program Notebook Fan Control, in Acer - smart fan, ACFanControl. In Lenovo - fan control.
Modern "advanced" cooling systems, which are most often used in overclocking, include: radiator, freon, liquid nitrogen, liquid gel. Their principle of operation is based on the circulation of the coolant. Strongly heated elements heat the water, which is cooled in the radiator. It can be outside the case or be passive, working without a fan.
In this article, various causes of overheating of the processor and solutions for this problem were considered. Sometimes the reason for its occurrence can be ordinary dust, which periodically needs to be removed, or the consequences of inexperienced overclocking of equipment, as well as its upgrade. When replacing thermal paste, you must be careful and careful not to damage the equipment.
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Processor cooling affects the performance and stability of your computer. But it does not always cope with the loads, which is why the system crashes. The efficiency of even the most expensive systems cooling can drop dramatically due to the fault of the user - poor-quality installation of the cooler, old thermal paste, dusty case, etc. To prevent this, it is necessary to improve the quality of cooling.
If the processor overheats due to previously overclocked and / or high loads when the PC is running, then you will either have to change the cooling to a better one, or reduce the load.
The main elements that produce the most heat are the processor and video card, sometimes it can also be the power supply, chipset and HDD. In this case, only the first two components are cooled. The heat dissipation of the remaining components of the computer is negligible.
If you need gaming machine, then think, first of all, about the dimensions of the case - it should be as large as possible. Firstly, the larger the system unit, the more components you can install in it. Secondly, in a large case there is more space, which is why the air inside it heats up more slowly and has time to cool. Also pay special attention to the ventilation of the case - it must have ventilation holes so that hot air does not linger for a long time (an exception can be made if you are going to install water cooling).
Try to monitor the temperature indicators of the processor and video card more often. If the temperature often exceeds the allowable values of 60-70 degrees, especially when the system is idle (when heavy programs are not running), then take active steps to reduce the temperature.
Consider several ways to improve the quality of cooling.
The case for productive devices should be large enough (preferably) and have good ventilation. It is also desirable that it be made of metal. In addition, you need to take into account the location of the system unit, because. certain objects can prevent air from getting inside, thereby disrupting circulation and raising the temperature inside.
Apply these tips to the location of the system unit:
Dust particles can impair air circulation, fan and heatsink performance. They also retain heat very well, so it is necessary to regularly clean the "insides" of the PC. The frequency of cleaning depends on the individual characteristics of each computer - the location, the number of ventilation holes (the more the latter, the better quality cooling, but the faster dust accumulates). It is recommended to clean at least once a year.
Cleaning should be done with a non-rigid brush, dry rags and napkins. In special cases, you can use a vacuum cleaner, but only at minimum power. Consider step-by-step instructions for cleaning the computer case from dust:
By using an optional fan that attaches to the vent on the left or rear wall of the case, you can improve air circulation inside the case.
First you need to choose a fan. The main thing is to pay attention to whether the characteristics of the case and the motherboard allow you to install an additional device. It is not worth giving preference in this matter to any manufacturer, because. this is a fairly cheap and durable computer element that is easy to replace.
If the overall characteristics of the case allow, then two fans can be installed at once - one on the back, the other in the front. The first takes out hot air, the second draws in cold air.
In most cases, the fan blades rotate at only 80% of their maximum speed. Some "smart" cooling systems are able to independently regulate the fan speed - if the temperature is at an acceptable level, then reduce it, if not, then increase it. Not always given function works correctly (and in cheap models it doesn’t exist at all), so the user has to manually overclock the fan.
There is no need to be afraid to overclock the fan too much, because. otherwise, you risk only a slight increase in computer/laptop power consumption and noise level. To adjust the speed of rotation of the blades, use the software solution - SpeedFan. The software is completely free, translated into Russian and has a clear interface.
Replacing thermal paste does not require any serious costs in terms of money and time, but here it is advisable to show some accuracy. You also need to take into account one feature with a warranty period. If the device is still under warranty, then it is better to contact the service with a request to change the thermal paste, this should be done for free. If you try to change the paste yourself, the computer will be removed from the warranty.
With an independent change, you need to carefully consider the choice of thermal paste. Give preference to more expensive and high-quality tubes (ideally those that come with a special brush for application). It is desirable that silver and quartz compounds are present in the composition.
If the cooler does not cope with its task, then it should be replaced with a better and more suitable analogue. The same applies to outdated cooling systems, which, due to a long period of operation, cannot function normally. It is recommended, if the dimensions of the case allow, to choose a cooler with special copper heat sink tubes.
Use the step-by-step instructions for replacing the old cooler with a new one:
Every electrical appliance generates heat. And the more powerful it is, the more it heats up. The temperature inside a personal computer case is much higher than indoors. With the production of more advanced and powerful computers the need for a quality cooling system is increasing. In hot weather, not only people suffer, electronic equipment on hot days is also subjected to additional stress.
Let's start with the most important. Despite the fact that today there are more laptops sold than desktop PCs, nevertheless, no one has refused the "desktop" and is not going to refuse in the future. In the end, it is simply impossible to replace a full-fledged desktop workstation with a laptop or something else.
As a consequence of its power, the issue of cooling desktop PCs never removed from the agenda of ordinary users.
In this article, we will try to tell you what measures to take. whatever your Personal Computer worked for a long time and without failures.
Too high temperature in the system unit leads not only to slow down the processor and graphic card(video cards), but also to more unpleasant consequences.
With an excess of heat, many components of the machine can completely fail. Magnetic heads hard drive especially sensitive to high temperatures, overheating often results in data loss. Therefore, it is very important to know what should be good system cooling in a personal computer.
Most heat in a PC is generated by the processor, motherboard, graphics card video chip and power supply. It is about the normal temperature regime of these parts that should be taken care of in the first place. With modern performance, the video card during operation can warm up to 90-95 degrees Celsius. The chips in a computer reach high temperatures in just a few seconds, faster than a microwave oven heats up.
A huge role in cooling is played by the size of the system unit. The less free space remains in the case, the longer the hot air stagnates in it. With increasing component power, modern case manufacturers do not often care about its better cooling. When choosing a new case, pay attention not only to a nice design, but also to the fact that it is roomy enough. The larger the component parts, the larger the case itself should be. Old small cases are not well suited for today's demanding devices. They need to be changed in a timely manner. A small case is only suitable for low-power computers with low heat dissipation.
The wires in the block should not hang freely, taking up extra space, they should be fixed to improve air permeability. However, it is not necessary to overtighten or break them so that this does not lead to malfunctions in the computer. You just need to keep them compact. Also make sure that no wires lie on the video card.
The choice of the place where you place the system unit is also important. You should not move it too close to the wall, the heated air should freely exit and not accumulate next to it. Improper computer desk design can also interfere with cooling. It is not recommended to put heating devices or any extra things in general near the system unit. In order for air to circulate better, gaps of at least 7 cm should remain on all sides of the cases.
In some cases, when the air in the case gets too hot due to very productive hardware, you can remove the case cover on the left side. This will greatly improve cooling. However, in such cases, the coolers will make more noise.
At least sometimes find out the temperature of the PC components. This will help to avoid many unnecessary problems. Now there are many free programs for this. For example, EVEREST or Sandra Lite. The operating temperature of the processor should not exceed 75 degrees, the temperature of the video card largely depends on the power of the model. For expensive cards and 90-100 degrees can be considered a normal temperature. The optimum temperature for a hard drive is 30-45 degrees.
The chassis must have at least two fans installed. It is better to have one cooler in front of the hard drive, cooling it in a timely manner and supplying fresh air to the case. On the back wall, the fan can work for blowing. The main thing is that the case fan and the cooler on the processor do not conflict, but help each other. Use 140mm fans no matter what panel you install them on.
The more revolutions the fan makes, the more noise it makes. When choosing them, it is necessary to find a balance between noise and efficient cooling. For lovers of quiet computers, it may turn out to be good option installation of coolers on thermotubes. They are much more efficient, but more expensive. To use them more efficiently, you need to use thermal paste at the same time.
When installing coolers, use thermal paste. This increases the cooling efficiency as paste promotes heat transfer. Apply it to the processor itself in a very thin, smooth layer, without bumps. It's a myth that a large number paste cooling is improved. On the contrary, a thick layer can become an additional heat insulator no worse than hot air.
Any computer collects inside itself a huge amount of dust that prevents the cooling of elements. Therefore, at least once every six months, all components must be cleaned of it. The more air passes through the case, the more often you have to clean. In this case, do not forget about the power supply. Dust also covers the fans themselves, supplying air less efficiently. In addition, they start to work louder. When cleaning, you can use brushes of various sizes and a slightly damp cloth. When using a vacuum cleaner, cleaning must be carried out very carefully, because. it may damage some small parts. Cleaning is performed only when the computer is turned off.
So, let's summarize all of the above and form a few rules that must be observed so that the PC does not warm up and works, works and works...
1. The main sources of heat.
Those on a desktop PC are:processor, video card, elements system board(such as chipset, processor power...) and power supply.The heat dissipation of the remaining elements is not so significant compared to the above.
Yes, a lot depends on the specific configuration and its power, but still little changes proportionally.
Mid-range processors can generate 65 to 135 watts of heat; conventional video card game level during operation it can heat up to 80-90 degrees Celsius and this is absolutely normal for such productive solutions; the power supply can easily warm up to 50 degrees; the chipset on the motherboard can also heat up to 50-60 degrees, etc.
It is always worth remembering that the more powerful the components used, the more heat they generate.
The processor and video chip of a graphics card can be compared to hotplates electric stove. In terms of heat dissipation, the analogy is absolute. Everything is the same, only the chips are able to heat up much faster than the burner of a modern stove: in just seconds ...
2. How important is it?
In fact, if, say, a graphics chip works without cooling, then it can fail in a matter of seconds, a maximum of a few minutes. The same goes for processors.
Another thing is that all modern chips are equipped with protection against overheating. When a certain temperature threshold is exceeded, it simply turns off. But you should not tempt fate - here this rule is more true than ever, therefore, it is better not to allow problems with cooling.
3. Everything closes to the body ...
We must not forget that all these “hot” components are located within the rather limited space of the system unit case:
Therefore: all these large volumes of heat should not "stagnate" and "warm up" the entire computer. From this follows a small important rule that must always be followed when organizing cooling:
“There should always be a “draft” inside the case.
Yes, only in this way, when hot air is thrown out of the case, the situation can be corrected.
4. Monitor temperatures.
Try to at least occasionally be interested in the temperatures of computer components. This will help you to identify and fix the problem in time.
The EVEREST program or SiSoftware Sandra Lite (free) can help you with this. These system utilities have corresponding modules that display the temperature of devices.
Acceptable "degrees":
CPU:operating temperature of 40-55 degrees Celsius is considered normal.
Video card:it all depends on its power. Budget low-cost models may not even warm up to 50 degrees, and for top-end solutions, the Radeon HD 4870X2 and 5970 class, 90 degrees under load can be considered the norm.
HDD:30-45 degrees (full range).
Note:From my own experience, I can say that only the temperature of the above devices can be measured relatively accurately by software. And the state of all other components (chipset, memory, video card and motherboard environment) is quite often determined erroneously by measuring utilities.
For example, quite often you can see that some program shows the temperature of the chipset, say, at 120 degrees or the ambient temperature at 150 degrees. Naturally, these are not real values at which the computer would not work properly for a long time.
However, if you organize proper cooling inside the case, using the following tips, then I can guarantee that you simply won’t have to measure anything other than the temperature of the processor, video card and disk, because. at right conditions cooling, they will not overheat.
So it will be enough from time to time to glance at the temperature values \u200b\u200bof the main components given above to track the general situation ...
5. Good body…
Yes, the heat dissipation of computer components can vary greatly. If we are talking about low-power machines of the "office" level, then yes - heat dissipation will be small.
As for mid-performance and "top" solutions, which make up the majority of modern home desktop PCs, here the system unit can quite play the role of a heater.
In modern conditions, the presence of a case with sufficient internal space for air circulation is a must. And it doesn't matter what the performance of your computer is.
In any case, both office and gaming PCs need normal air circulation inside the case. Otherwise, even a simple office PC may start to overheat due to the formation of so-called “air locks” inside the case.
Air locks inside the case - the "household" name for the phenomenon when air currents (caused by fans and coolers) circulate incorrectly. For example: when heated air is not discharged outside; or if there is no fresh air supply to the enclosure; or when any fans are installed incorrectly, say if due to a design feature the CPU cooler
6. A little about furniture ...
A special issue in the topic of high-quality cooling concerns furniture - your desktop.
The design of the table can either greatly impede cooling, or, on the contrary, contribute to maximum ventilation.
It's one thing when the system unit just stands next to the table - there are no complaints here, except that it is categorically not recommended to place the system unit next to the heating radiator and heaters, it is not recommended to put any other objects close to the system unit.
If there is some furniture or objects nearby, make sure that there are gaps of at least 7-10 cm on all sides of the system unit.
However, in most cases, the system unit is not located next to the table, not on the table, but in the table:
As you can see - in this case, the space around the system unit is strictly limited by the table and the space for circulation and air outlet is at least ...
Since the main ventilation holes in the system unit are located at the back, in front and on the left wall, I recommend moving the system unit relative to the desk box to the right so that as much space as possible remains on the left (see the picture above).
To avoid “air locks”: when all the heated air rises and stays there, it is not recommended to close the box door for the system unit of your desk.
If all these points are observed, the cooling will be quite decent: hot air will accumulate at the top and leave the table under the action of natural mixing (because there is a sufficient gap on the left).
In some cases, if your computer has a very productive hardware, it is recommended to completely remove the left side of the system unit case - in this case, the cooling efficiency increases significantly.
For example, I did exactly the same myself, since my computer generates a lot of heat:
7. About the CPU cooler.
This question is more relevant for productive PCs. If we talk about low-power PCs, then there is no point in talking about coolers, because. such a processor generates a little heat, and the standard one (comes with the processor) is more than enough.
If you buy a processor and the word BOX is present in its name, then it comes in a complete package, which includes a cooler.
If you see the OEM mark in the price list, this means that when you buy, you will not receive anything other than the processor itself.
Here you can give this advice: if you buy an inexpensive modern processor- it is better to choose BOX-complete set. Ultimately, such a processor will not require a powerful cooler - performance is low, and current technologies provide low power consumption, therefore, one should not expect a large heat release here.
And if you want to purchase some powerful model, say, for a home PC, then it is better to choose an OEM package - in any case, a regular cooler will not be enough for you.
Why is this happening?
Today, manufacturers, in my opinion, have become extremely negligent about regular coolers - their dimensions and characteristics do not always correspond to the power of the processor. For example:
This cooler comes with dual-core and quad-core Intel processors Core 2. Okay, for 2-core models it may be enough, but for 4-core models it is clearly not enough ...
In addition, if we touch on outdated models, then the situation is as follows: if you bought, say, a processor 3 years ago, then at that time the technologies did not provide such energy savings as they do now.
That is why, say, quite an inexpensive and low-power Pentium D 4 years ago heats up even more than modern top-level Core i7.
In this case, a good cooler is a must. And I recommend installing a heat pipe tower cooler:
heat pipes- elements made of copper that penetrate aluminum (as in the photo above) or copper cooler plates and contribute to faster and more efficient heat removal from a hot processor. They provide many times more efficient cooling compared to conventional coolers.
heat pipe- the device is sealed, inside of which there is water, which circulates through the tube in a natural way. This movement is facilitated by thousands of tiny "notches" on the inside of the tube, which allow the water to rise up.
Regardless of how powerful processor you want to cool - I always recommend heatpipe-only coolers. Buying an ordinary cooler based on an aluminum or copper radiator is not justified.
It is the tower cooler with heat pipes that provides the greatest efficiency.
Another example of such a cooler:
8. Case fan - required.
The next thing that is necessary for the organization of proper cooling is the presence of a case fan.
Modern cases offer the possibility of installing at least two fans.
On the front panel: air can enter through the perforation (as in the photo), or from below - if the front panel is not perforated:
In this case, it turns out that the fan becomes just opposite the hard drives and therefore performs two important functions: it supplies fresh air inside the case and cools the hard drives:
Having at least one case fan is a must for any computer! The fan "pumps" the air inside and prevents the formation of "air locks".
Installing an exhaust fan on the rear side is optional, but nevertheless, in some cases it helps to make the cooling system even better:
But at the same time, do not forget that if you have a tower-type cooler installed, then in this case the cooler fan will in most cases be opposite the case fan slot on the rear wall (see photo below), with the only difference being that the cooler fan can be located on the left or right side of the cooler
If (as in the photo) you do not have a case fan installed, then everything is fine. The cooler fan will either expel hot air into this hole or draw it in from there (depending on the location of the fan on the cooler). At the same time, it is better that he throws out already heated air there, and does not drag it in.
In the photo, the location of the cooler is not optimal: hot air is ejected into the case, and not into the hole for attaching the case fan.
If you also want to install a case fan, make sure that the fan and the cooler do not "conflict", i.e. did not direct air at each other. Install the case fan so that it helps the CPU cooler.
Regardless of which panel you want to install the fan on, I recommend using ONLY 140mm fans!
9. Location of cables.
A big problem for cooling is improperly laid cables. Being in a scattered state, they impede the circulation of air inside the case, sometimes to such an extent that even a powerful fan is not able to "pump" the entire volume of the case...
But when laying cables inside the case - do not overdo it! Do not excessively bend (kink) and create tension - this can damage the cables and lead to errors and malfunctions of the PC! Such cases are not rare...
Just try to keep the cables as compact as possible. As much as possible:
10. Take care of particularly hot surfaces.
Those in the computer are primarily video cards. Especially when it comes to such hot and powerful models like the Radeon HD 4870X2 and HD 5970.
Make sure that no cables lie on top of the video card:
It is very important! During operation, the video card can heat up to a temperature close to 100 degrees!
11. About thermal paste…
When installing a cooler, always use thermal paste. In no case do not put the cooler "dry"! Cooling efficiency will drop significantly...
You need to apply thermal paste only on the processor, in a very thin, translucent layer.
“The more thermal paste, the better the cooling” is the biggest myth among novice users!
The thermal paste is the link, it connects the surface of the processor to the surface of the cooler, filling in the microscopic irregularities between these surfaces, which can contain air. And air, as you know, greatly hinders the removal of heat.
And if the thermal paste is applied in a thick layer, then it no longer turns into a heat conductor, but into an insulator - a thick “blanket” between the cooler and the processor.
You can apply it with anything: squeeze a small amount of paste into the center onto the processor, and then smear it a little on the sides. Then proceed to install the cooler. Finally, the thermal paste will disperse in an ideal layer only after you install the cooler.
Many argue about which pasta is better ... In my experience, I can say that the difference between its various brands is minimal. Therefore, do not pay attention to it.
For example, TITAN thermal paste is sold in such small tubes:
One such tube is designed for at least TWO times.
Provided that all the above recommendations are followed, in fact, your PC will have no problems with cooling.
laptops
12. Features of laptops.
All components inside the laptop are collected in an extremely small space of the mobile case. In addition to the processor, a powerful video card, a hard drive can be installed in a laptop ...
These and other devices are separated from each other by a few centimeters, and at the same time there is no space for air circulation - there is simply no inside the laptop.
That is why components almost always operate at elevated temperatures. Unfortunately, there is no way to fix this; but nevertheless, you can save the laptop from additional heating, thus extending its service life and eliminating critical overheating.
13. Workplace…
As I have mentioned more than once, try not to place the laptop on soft surfaces and knees whenever possible, especially when you are working with resource-intensive tasks (for example, photo or video processing) at the laptop.
If this simple rule is not followed, overheating of laptop components, including the battery, is ensured ...
Highly recommend for work on a laptop to have cooling pad, which will be a comfortable table for you and will extend the work of your laptop.
Try to place the laptop on a flat and solid desktop surface. At the same time, make sure that no objects that lie nearby do not interfere with the air flow under and around the laptop:
In fact, this is the most important and most effective thing that can be done to avoid overheating.
14. Weather…
Do not use your laptop in direct sunlight. They heat up its surface very quickly and very strongly (especially if the laptop is dark) and quickly warm everything inside the case.
In this case, even damage to individual components due to overheating is possible.
And the last piece of advice that I would like to give within the framework of this article, for all users, regardless of whether you have a laptop or a desktop PC:
15. Dust regularly!
For desktop PCs:They accumulate dust very quickly. Try to open the system unit at least once every 6 months and clean all internal components from dust.
Dust interferes with the removal of heat from the components and significantly impairs heat transfer. Due to dust, hard drives, video card and processor can overheat especially.
Separately, I want to mention the fans. Remember: a fan clogged with dust delivers air much less efficiently:
To clean the internal components, I usually use a brush and a slightly damp cloth. STRONGLY do not recommend using a vacuum cleaner! During cleaning, they can accidentally damage fragile components.
This happens quite often.
Proceed with the cleaning procedure ONLY if the computer is turned off!
For laptops: Here the situation is somewhat more complicated...
The fact is that laptops have different cases: some open immediately access to the cooling system so that you can clean the fan with a brush; and in some, to get to the fans, you need to disassemble the full laptop ...
Here's the only advice I can give you: don't take apart a laptop unless you're sure you can put everything back together...
Also in the BLOG of the APPLE-market store you can read the following articles:
The authors of the articles will be very grateful for your feedback or comments on the articles! With your help, we will be able to understand what other issues are of interest to you, what else you want to know, and based on your comments, suggestions and wishes, we will try to write exactly those articles that will be of interest to you.
The use of even the most efficient coolers can be useless if the air ventilation system in the computer case is poorly thought out. Therefore, the correct installation of fans and components is a mandatory requirement when assembling a system unit. Let's explore this issue using the example of one productive gaming PC.
⇣ Content
This article is a continuation of a series of introductory materials on assembling system blocks. If you remember, last year it came out step-by-step instruction"", which describes in detail all the main points for creating and testing a PC. However, as is often the case, when assembling a system unit, nuances play an important role. In particular, the correct installation of fans in the case will increase the efficiency of all cooling systems, as well as reduce the heating of the main components of the computer. It is this question that is discussed in the article below.
I warn you right away that the experiment was carried out on the basis of one typical assembly using an ATX motherboard and a Midi-Tower case. The option presented in the article is considered the most common, although we all know very well that computers are different, and therefore systems with the same level of performance can be assembled in dozens (if not hundreds) of different ways. That is why the results presented are relevant only for the considered configuration. Judge for yourself: computer cases even within the same form factor, they have different volume and number of seats for installing fans, and video cards, even using the same GPU, are assembled on printed circuit boards different lengths and equipped with coolers with different numbers of heat pipes and fans. Nevertheless, our small experiment will quite allow us to draw certain conclusions.
An important "detail" of the system unit was CPU Core i7-8700K. Detailed overview This six-core is located, so I will not repeat myself once again. I will only note that cooling the flagship for the LGA1151-v2 platform is not an easy task even for the most efficient coolers and liquid cooling systems.
The system was installed 16 GB random access memory DDR4-2666 standard. operating room Windows system 10 was recorded on solid state drive Western Digital WDS100T1B0A. You can get acquainted with the review of this SSD.
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MSI GeForce GTX 1080 Ti GAMING X TRIO |
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The MSI GeForce GTX 1080 Ti GAMING X TRIO graphics card, as the name suggests, is equipped with a TRI-FROZR cooler with three TORX 2.0 fans. According to the manufacturer, these impellers create 22% more powerful airflow, while remaining virtually silent. Low volume, as stated on the official website of MSI, is also provided through the use of double-row bearings. I note that the radiator of the cooling system, and its ribs are made in the form of waves. According to the manufacturer, this design increases the total area of dispersion by 10%. The radiator also comes into contact with the elements of the power subsystem. MSI GeForce GTX 1080 Ti GAMING X TRIO memory chips are additionally cooled with a special plate.
The accelerator fans start to rotate only when the chip temperature reaches 60 degrees Celsius. On the open stand, the maximum temperature of the GPU was only 67 degrees Celsius. At the same time, the cooling system fans spin up by a maximum of 47% - this is about 1250 rpm. The real GPU frequency in the default mode was stable at 1962 MHz. As you can see, the MSI GeForce GTX 1080 Ti GAMING X TRIO has a decent factory overclock.
The adapter is equipped with a massive backplate, which increases the rigidity of the structure. The back of the graphics card has an L-shaped strip with built-in LED lighting. Mystic Light. The user, using the application of the same name, can separately configure three glow zones. In addition, the fans are framed by two rows of symmetrical lights in the form of dragon claws.
According to technical specifications, MSI GeForce GTX 1080 Ti GAMING X TRIO has three modes of operation: Silent Mode - 1480 (1582) MHz for the core and 11016 MHz for memory; Gaming Mode - 1544 (1657) for the core and 11016 MHz for memory; OC Mode - 1569 (1683) MHz for the core and 11124 MHz for memory. By default, the video card has game mode enabled.
You can get acquainted with the performance level of the reference GeForce GTX 1080 Ti. And on our site, the MSI GeForce GTX 1080 Ti Lightning Z was released. This graphics adapter is also equipped with a TRI-FROZR cooling system.
The assembly is based on the MSI Z370 GAMING M5 motherboard of the ATX form factor. This is a slightly modified version MSI boards Z270 GAMING M5, which was released on our website last spring. The device is perfect for overclockable Coffee Lake K-processors, as the power converter with digital control Digitall Power consists of five double phases implemented in a 4+1 scheme. Four channels are directly responsible for the operation of the CPU, one more for the integrated graphics.
All components of the power circuits comply with the Military Class 6 standard - this applies to both titanium-core chokes and Dark CAP capacitors with at least ten years of service life, as well as energy-efficient Dark Choke coils. And the DIMM slots for installing RAM and PEG ports for installing video cards are dressed in a metallized Steel Armor case, and also have additional solder points on the back of the board. For RAM, additional track isolation is used, and each memory channel is wired in its own textolite layer, which, according to the manufacturer, makes it possible to achieve a “cleaner” signal and increase the stability of overclocking DDR4 modules.
Of the useful, I note the presence of two M.2 connectors at once, which support the installation of drives PCI Express and SATA 6 Gb/s. An SSD up to 110 mm long can be installed in the top port, and up to 80 mm in the bottom port. The second port is additionally equipped with a metal M.2 Shield, which contacts the drive with a thermal pad.
Behind wired connection The MSI Z370 GAMING M5 is powered by the Killer E2500 gigabit controller, and the Realtek 1220 chip is responsible for the sound. The Audio Boost 4 sound path received Chemi-Con capacitors, a paired headphone amplifier with an impedance of up to 600 Ohms, a front dedicated audio output and gold-plated audio connectors. All components of the sound zone are isolated from the rest of the board by a non-conductive backlit strip.
Mystic Light motherboard backlight supports 16.8 million colors and works in 17 modes. TO motherboard you can connect an RGB tape, the corresponding 4-pin connector is soldered at the bottom of the board. By the way, the device comes with an 800 mm extension cable with a splitter for connecting an additional LED strip.
The board is equipped with six 4-pin fan headers. The total number is chosen optimally, the location is also. The PUMP_FAN port, soldered next to the DIMM, supports the connection of impellers or a pump with a current of up to 2 A. The location is again very good, since it is easy to connect a pump to this connector from both an unattended LSS and a custom system assembled manually. The system deftly manages, including "Carlson" with a 3-pin connector. The frequency is regulated both by the number of revolutions per minute and by voltage. It is possible to completely stop the fans.
Finally, I would like to note two more very useful features of the MSI Z370 GAMING M5. The first is the presence of the POST signals indicator. The second is the EZ Debug LED block, located next to the PUMP_FAN connector. It clearly demonstrates at what stage the system boots up: at the stage of initialization of the processor, RAM, video card or drive.
The choice for Thermaltake Core X31 was not accidental. Before you Tower-case, which corresponds to all modern trends. The power supply is installed from below and is insulated with a metal shutter. There is a basket for installing three drives form factors 2.5 '' and 3.5 '', however, the HDD and SSD can be mounted on the barrier wall. There is a basket for two 5.25-inch devices. Without them, nine 120mm or 140mm fans can be installed in the case. As you can see, Thermaltake Core X31 allows you to completely customize the system. For example, on the basis of this case, it is quite possible to assemble a PC with two 360 mm coolant radiators.
The device is very spacious. Behind the chassis is plenty of room for cable management. Even with careless assembly, the side cover closes easily. The space under the iron allows you to use CPU coolers up to 180 mm high, video cards up to 420 mm long and power supplies up to 220 mm long.
The bottom and front panel are equipped with dust filters. The top cover is equipped with a mesh mat, which also limits the ingress of dust inside and facilitates the installation of case fans and water cooling systems.
