In our time, society lives, in fact, in the information environment. The digital world has swallowed up everyone and everything. Accordingly, there are enough threats in this society. Desktop computer with access to the Internet has become, in general, the hands of all people, and even the head. It is hard to imagine at least one day without turning on the PC. This is just for the scammers. Often, users themselves provide a loophole to attackers, neglecting the elementary rules of safe computer work.
First of all, this concerns the passwords used. Most likely, every second, if not the first, on different social networks and services uses the same . Now let's think about what will happen if a hacker somehow gets a profile from at least one site. That is, he practically gave access to all other sites where he is registered. It is not difficult to guess that the first advice sounds exactly like this - use different passwords on all services and sites.
The second thing to do is to install an antivirus program that will protect against malware getting into your PC. Modern viruses may look like a very useful utility, but instead of positive effects, it will multiply in your operating system, destroying the source codes of important programs and system files.
Internet access- perhaps the most vulnerable kind of tunnel into your computer. Try not to visit dubious sites, even under benevolent pretexts. Most often, it is from phishing resources that viruses arrive on a PC. Unfortunately, not always and not everyone manages to distinguish a malicious site from a project for people. But fortunately today search engines they themselves began to take care of users and they have built-in antiviruses. However, they only warn, but do not block, malicious resources.
Another tip - do not download any strange files, even from your closest friends, as it is quite possible that they have been hacked and sent by an infected content directly on behalf of the hacked user.
If it so happened that the virus has already entered your computer, then it is quite simple to calculate. Main symptoms: frequent unreasonable freezing of the system, incorrect operation of some individual programs. What to do? Most reliable way- reinstall the operating system completely, it will not take much time, if an experienced person does it. Well, if this is not possible, or you do not want to change the existing working environment, then the entrance is entered by anti-virus utilities. For example, CureI t from Dr.Web antivirus, this is a small program that does not require installation, it copes very well with all currently existing viruses, since its virus databases are updated every day.
Checking your car for dangerous viruses, curing it from them, if any, you must definitely install a good full-fledged antivirus that will check your computer in real time.
Number of atrocities in the sphere computer technology every year only grows, and methods of fraud take on new forms. At the same time, computers have firmly entered our lives; today there is not a single enterprise or even individual entrepreneur who would not use computers. This means that for each subject, the protection of personal and work information is in the first place.
Giant companies are afraid of industrial espionage, small businesses are afraid of leaking confidential information. Entrepreneurs and just Internet users can also reasonably be afraid of something, as a rule, the theft of their data. bank cards and as a result, all Money on them. A company can spend millions on the implementation of the 1C complex and automate all processes, but a “leaky” security system will turn such automation into a mine of data for intruders and competitors.
By following the rules below, you will not be 100% safe, no one can guarantee this at all. However, the risk of your data being stolen is minimized. Not bad, considering that this is only the basics of computer literacy.
Today, every PC user knows what an antivirus is. The foundation of the basics of computer security will help you avoid many of the problems that are caused by viruses and Trojans. However, the antivirus is by no means a panacea, only in conjunction with other "assistants" will it effectively solve its problems. 
Properly configure a firewall to monitor Internet traffic. For large enterprises and organizations and dozens of PCs, you will need and fine tuning group policies Windows.
Do not download any files from dubious sites. Only developer resources or trusted portals are used. Do not open junk emails, and especially the applications, attachments, installers offered in them. Do not install unnecessary add-ons, bars and browser add-ons.
Use only complex passwords with many characters, at least eight characters. It is better to use a long and memorable password "2notebooknotebook" than a short one "notebook", because in the first case, it will take attackers years to guess your password, and in the second case, in minutes or hours. 
On a working computer, use only reliable flash drives and other drives, ideally those used only on this PC. Using the same flash drive on a work and a dozen home PCs, there is a high probability of “picking up” a Trojan program.
Sometimes you need to see the situation two steps ahead, and therefore regularly take backups important data. If a malicious program deletes or corrupts your files, information, databases, you can quickly restore everything back from a backup.
Of course, this is not a complete list, but it is the main one. These simple rules significantly complicate the lives of attackers, and you will save nerve cells and confidential information.
Information today is an important resource, the loss of which is fraught with unpleasant consequences. Loss of confidential company data poses threats financial loss, because the information received can be used by competitors or intruders. To prevent such undesirable situations, all modern firms and institutions use information security methods.
Information systems (IS) security is a whole course that all programmers and specialists in the field of IS building take. However, knowing the types information threats and protection technology is necessary for everyone who works with classified data.
The main type of information threats, to protect against which an entire technology is created at each enterprise, is unauthorized access intruders to the data. Malefactors plan in advance criminal actions which can be carried out by direct access to devices or by remote attack using programs specially developed for theft of information.
In addition to the actions of hackers, firms often face situations of loss of information due to a malfunction of software and hardware.
IN this case secret materials do not fall into the hands of intruders, but are lost and cannot be restored, or it takes too long to recover. Crashes in computer systems ah may occur for the following reasons:
Data protection technologies are based on the use of modern methods that prevent information leakage and loss. Today, six main methods of protection are used:
All of the above methods are aimed at building an effective technology, in which losses due to negligence are excluded and various types of threats are successfully repelled. An obstacle is a method of physical protection of information systems, due to which intruders do not have the opportunity to enter the protected area.
Masking - methods of protecting information, providing for the transformation of data into a form that is not suitable for perception by unauthorized persons. Deciphering requires knowledge of the principle.
Management - ways to protect information in which control is exercised over all components information system.
Regulation is the most important method of protecting information systems, which involves the introduction of special instructions, according to which all manipulations with protected data must be carried out.
Coercion - methods of information protection, closely related to regulation, involving the introduction of a set of measures in which employees are forced to comply with established rules. If methods of influencing employees are used, in which they follow instructions for ethical and personal reasons, then we are talking about motivation.
On the video - a detailed lecture on information security:
Ways to protect information involve the use of a specific set of tools. To prevent the loss and leakage of secret information, the following means are used:
Physical means of information protection prevent access of unauthorized persons to the protected area. The main and oldest means of physical obstruction is the installation of strong doors, reliable locks, and bars on the windows. To enhance the protection of information, checkpoints are used, where access control is carried out by people (guards) or special systems. In order to prevent information loss, it is also advisable to install a fire protection system. Physical means are used to protect data on both paper and electronic media.
Software and hardware are an indispensable component for ensuring the security of modern information systems.
Hardware is represented by devices that are embedded in the equipment for information processing. Software means programs that repel hacker attacks. Also, software systems can be attributed to software that perform the restoration of lost information. With the help of a complex of equipment and programs, it is provided backup information to prevent loss.
Organizational means are associated with several methods of protection: regulation, management, coercion. Organizational tools include the development job descriptions, conversations with employees, a set of measures of punishment and encouragement. With the effective use of organizational means, the employees of the enterprise are well aware of the technology of working with protected information, clearly fulfill their duties and bear responsibility for the provision of false information, leakage or loss of data.
Legislative means - a set of legal acts that regulate the activities of people who have access to protected information and determine the measure of responsibility for the loss or theft of classified information.
Psychological means - a set of measures to create a personal interest of employees in the safety and authenticity of information. Managers use different types of incentives to create personal interest of the staff. The psychological means also include the construction of a corporate culture, in which each employee feels himself an important part of the system and is interested in the success of the enterprise.
To ensure the security of information systems, methods of encryption and protection of electronic documents are actively used today. These technologies enable remote data transfer and remote authentication.
Methods for protecting information by encryption (cryptographic) are based on changing information using secret keys special kind. The electronic data cryptography technology is based on transformation algorithms, replacement methods, matrix algebra. The strength of the encryption depends on how complex the conversion algorithm was. Encrypted information is securely protected from any threats other than physical ones.
Electronic digital signature(EDS) - a parameter of an electronic document that serves to confirm its authenticity. An electronic digital signature replaces the signature of an official on a paper document and has the same legal effect. EDS serves to identify its owner and to confirm the absence of unauthorized transformations. The use of EDS provides not only information protection, but also helps to reduce the cost of document management technology, reduces the time of movement of documents when preparing reports.
The protection technology used and the degree of its effectiveness determine the security class of the information system. In international standards, 7 security classes of systems are distinguished, which are combined into 4 levels:
Level D corresponds to systems in which the technology of protection is poorly developed. In such a situation, any unauthorized person has the opportunity to access the information.
The use of underdeveloped protection technology is fraught with loss or loss of information.
In level C there are the following classes - C1 and C2. Security class C1 implies the separation of data and users. A certain group of users has access only to certain data; authentication is required to obtain information - user authentication by requesting a password. With safety class C1, the system has hardware and software protection. Systems with class C2 are supplemented with measures that guarantee the responsibility of users: an access log is created and maintained.
Level B includes security technologies that have the Level C classes, plus a few additional ones. Class B1 assumes the presence of a security policy, a trusted computing base for managing security labels and enforced access control. With class B1, specialists carry out a thorough analysis and testing source code and architecture.
Safety class B2 is typical for many modern systems and assumes:
Class B3 assumes, in addition to class B1, notification of the administrator about attempts to violate the security policy, analysis of the appearance of covert channels, the availability of mechanisms for recovering data after a hardware failure, or.
Level A includes one, the highest security class - A. This class includes systems that have been tested and have received confirmation of compliance with the formal specifications of the upper level.
On the video - a detailed lecture on the security of information systems:
There is a lot of information on the net about how to access someone else's PC, how to find out information that is stored on the hard drive of another computer connected to the Internet. There are many different kinds of hackers who break into other people's cars for the sake of sport. More more people who do this to collect information that will help you use your money.
How to protect yourself from such attacks? What should an ordinary user do to protect their PC from such intruders? To do this, you need to have some information and follow simple precautions.
First, try to use different passwords to access resources and sites on the Internet. When you use the same password on different resources, you thereby increase the chances of various dark personalities to hack into your profiles. And everyone. And God forbid, access to your email will be the same as to your WebMoney wallet. The chances of losing all electronic money will skyrocket.
Secondly, install antiviruses on the PC. And don't skimp on free versions. After all, the functional paid antivirus much more, protection is carried out in all directions, including blocking access for a hacker. And catching malware-spyware is the main task "cops" our PC. For example, if you do not have an antivirus, your computer can easily get keylogger program. The functionality of such software allows it to run in the background and track user actions by logging them. Thus, they intercept passwords, credit card numbers and other sensitive information. And then, with a certain frequency, they send the collected data to their creator. To prevent this is part of the task of any antivirus. They block access to such software on your PC or catch them "by the tail" stopping activity.
But how can a program like a keylogger even get onto your PC? After all, you probably did not install it yourself. Distribution methods include free or hacked programs with modified code, e-mail, etc.
Except Trojans, keyloggers and other similar methods, electronic thieves may ask you to follow a link in a letter from your bank. And there you will be waiting for a fake site and the need for authorization. And you can get to "fishing rod" when they promise you something for free, for example, game currency, and in return they ask you to enter your registration data, supposedly to perform the necessary actions with your profile. If you believe, then you can say goodbye to your achievements in the game.
Keeping in mind the information provided and using up-to-date anti-virus software, you will make it as difficult as possible for intruders to access your computer.
On the topic of hacking client computers ... a small overview of protection methods:
How to protect your computer from hackers
Any computer connected to the Internet can potentially become a victim of hackers and be attacked by them. Hackers and intruders are constantly "roaming" the network, looking for vulnerabilities to break into computer systems. A hacker can steal just a small piece of information from your PC in order to cause you serious harm. The worst thing you can do is just assume that your computer itself is well protected.
__________________________________________________________________Who is a hacker?
Computer hackers are individuals who want to gain access to your computer in order to use it without your knowledge or permission for their own illegal purposes.
Most hackers are motivated by curiosity, a challenge in life, or a false sense of power, while others are only motivated by money. However, whatever the hacker's motive, breaking into your computer is an illegal activity, and hackers are real people who can break into your computer just like thieves can break into your home. Therefore, you must know how to stop hackers (thieves) and how to protect your computer from hackers who can steal your money or damage your reputation.
There are various subgroups of hackers, differing in their "moral" attitudes. For example, white hat hackers do not break into systems for malicious purposes, while black hat hackers compromise security for criminal purposes such as stealing information about credit cards or vandalism.
The hacker first collects information about the intended target, figures out the best attack plan, and then attacks possible vulnerabilities (weak points) in the system. Such malware, like Trojans and worms, are specifically designed and used by hackers to hack.
While there is no completely foolproof method to protect yourself from hackers, you can, however, prevent yourself from becoming an easy target for them. Learn how to protect your computer in affordable, effective and free ways.
How to protect your computer from hackers: antivirus, firewall and antispyware
So how do you protect your computer from hackers? Just follow the above tips while keeping your computer up to date with firewall support and it will help you keep hackers at bay as they will likely keep looking for an easier target than your PC.
